HIV knowledge and its correlation with the Undetectable = Untransmittable slogan in Brazil

ABSTRACT Knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention is a necessary step for adopting preventive behaviors. We assessed HIV knowledge and its correlation with the perceived accuracy of the "Undetectable = Untransmittable" (U=U) slogan in an online sample with 401 adult Brazilians. Overall, 28% of participants showed high HIV knowledge level. The perceived accuracy of the U=U slogan significantly correlated with HIV knowledge. Younger participants, those reporting lower income or lower education, or who had never tested for HIV showed poorer HIV knowledge. Filling gaps of knowledge among specific populations is urgent in order to increase preventive behaviors and decrease HIV stigma.

Evaluation of the impact of pharmaceutical care for tuberculosis patients in a Secondary Referral Outpatient Clinic, Minas Gerais, Brazil

ABSTRACT Pharmaceutical care is a professional practice seeking the responsible provision of drug therapy by identifying, resolving, and preventing Drug-Related Problems (DRP). The study aims to describe and evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical care given to patients being treated for tuberculosis (TB). Study concurrent, longitudinal, prospective conducted during pharmaceutical care in the TB outpatient clinic, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais during the period August 2009 to July 2012. The Pharmacotherapy Workup proposed by Cipolle et al. (2004) was used. Statistical analyses were performed by X2 or Fisher exact test, as appropriate. A total of 62 patients were followed up, and 128 drug-related problems (DRP) were identified: 69.5% related to safety, 13.3% to effectiveness, 12.5% ​​to indication, and 4.7% to treatment adherence, and 62.1% of the DRP were resolved. A total of 115 pharmaceutical interventions were performed. The impact of pharmaceutical care was satisfactory for 73.9% of patients with a resolution rate of 77%. There was a greater impact on pharmaceutical care (index ≥ 0.50) for those patients who were not smokers (p <0.05). The impact of pharmaceutical care was important, so the pharmacist should work alongside the multidisciplinary team to monitor treatment and perform interventions.

Compreensão da terapia anti-retroviral: uma aplicação de modelo de traço latente / Patient's understanding of information on antiretroviral therapy: an application of the latent trait model

O objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver um escore para determinar o nível de compreensão de informações sobre terapia anti-retroviral (TARV) em pacientes no início do tratamento. Estudo transversal baseado em entrevistas com pacientes infectados pelo HIV em serviços públicos de referência (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil). O escore da compreensão dos medicamentos foi obtido utilizando-se modelo de traço latente estimado pela Teoria de Resposta ao Item, após análise de concordância entre a resposta do paciente e a informação contida na prescrição. Realizou-se análise de regressão linear hierárquica para obter a compreensão global dos medicamentos, considerando cada classe de medicamentos (nível 1) e o individuo (nível 2). Dos 406 pacientes avaliados, 37,9 por cento não atingiram um nível mínimo de compreensão do tratamento. O item com maior nível de dificuldade foi precaução de uso. O item dose foi o que mais diferenciou os pacientes quanto à compreensão da TARV. Observou-se alta proporção de pacientes com nível mínimo de compreensão da TARV, o que pode indicar um alto risco potencial de não-adesão à terapia. É necessário identificar fatores associados com este baixo nível de compreensão.

The aim of this study was to develop a score to determine the level of understanding regarding information on antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients initiating treatment. This was a cross-sectional analysis based on interviews with HIV patients in outpatient public referral centers (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil). The score for patients' understanding of their medicines was obtained using a latent trait model, estimated by the Item Response Theory, based on the concordance between each patient answer and the written prescription. Hierarchical linear regression was used to assess patients' global understanding of ART, considering each class of drugs (level 1) and the individual (level 2). Among 406 patients, 37.9 percent failed to reach a minimum level of understanding of their treatment. The item with the highest level of difficulty was precaution in use. The item dosage showed the most varied understanding of ART. A high proportion of patients displayed minimal understanding of ART, indicating a high potential risk for non-adherence to therapy. It is thus necessary to identify factors associated with insufficient understanding of ART.